In my childhood I used to think that ATM is nothing but Any Time Money. It took me 20 years to know that its Automated Teller Machine. Now a days everybody knows what an ATM is and how useful it is. But for the sake of formality we shall start with the technical definition of ATM. The Automated Teller Machine (ATM) is a machine which facilitates basic banking activities viz, withdrawal of money, depositing money and checking of ones own balances etc. ATM does most of the functions of cashier in the bank. ATM is operated by plastic card issued by the bank which is called as ATM Card, with it special features. This plastic ATM Card is replacing cheque, personal attendance of the customer, banking hours and bank holidays restriction and paper based verification.

Electronic banking i.e., computerization of banking operations in India has picked up during  the second half of 1990's. This has helped to introduce ATMs.

ATMs are established in important places by the authorized bank in cities and important towns. The Indian Railway gave a mandate to 10 leading banks to host ATMs at Railway Stations.

Banks in India realized the need for ATM-interchange deals to keep their overheads under check . Under ATM inter-change, customers of one bank are offered free access to the other bank's ATM network

What is the difference between Credit Card and ATM Card ?

The essential difference between the Credit Card and ATM Card is that the former offers credit facility as the name suggests, whereas the latter in a networked environment allows the occupant of the cardholder to be directly debited.

Advantages of ATM :

• Round the Clock Services : ATM provides banking services to its customers round the clock, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and 365 days a year.
• Access to bank from any part of the world : Essential banking services like deposits, withdrawals transfer of funds, etc can be accessed by customers from any part of the world.
• Expansion of Services to any corner of the world : Of the Banks can expand their services to any corner of the world by providing electronic access to its customers.
• Reduction in cost of operation : This reduces human intervention and thereby reduces the cost of operations and increases profitability of banks.
• For shopping Purpose : Now a days almost every shopping mall, restaurant and other organizations are accepting credit card payments.

Disadvantages :

• Cannot be provided in rural areas : In a country like India, where banks are having large number of rural and non-computerized branches, ATM services cannot be provided.
• Presence various constraints : Even if banks make some efforts to introduce ATM services country side, various constraints like illiteracy, security concern, etc., may not permit that.
• Limitation of cash withdrawals : Again there is a limitation of cash withdrawals from ATM. For example, many banks do not permit withdrawal of more than 25,000 at a time. 
• Cash deposit facility is not safe : Similarly cash deposit facility is restricted and not safe as dropping of envelope with can in ATM is not advisable. 
• Possibility of misusing ATM card : ATM card, if misplaced, lost or stolen, may be misused. There are number of such reported incidences now a days.
• Loss of personnel touch with the Banks : Last but not the least, customers lose personal touch with their bankers.

The ATM usage in India is growing very fast, i.e., at 300 percent, as per the survey conducted in 2002 the density in relation to population stands at a mere 4 ATMs per million population, now its triplicated.   Indian Banking Industry has developed during this 11 years of span and it also has introduced so many new technologies like Talking ATMs and White Labeled ATMs.

Commercial Banks have introduced Credit Card facilities in the early 1980's. From then, the facility has become popular among the public as well as banks.

Features of Credit Cards :

• Acts as a document of credit worthiness of card-holder and minimizes the use of hard cash in setting the day to day transactions.
• It acts as a medium of exchange.
• Helps to buy whenever the cardholder likes to buy and can pay whenever he likes.
• In India, credit card interests are typically charged at a rate of 3.35 – 3.49% per month.
• The cardholder has to pay an initial annual deposit.
• Credit cards are mostly used by elite corporate executives, businessmen, middle income gropu to buy consumer durables and certain services from railways hospitals etc.
• Now a days almost all banks are providing credit card facilities.
• No matter where the cardholder is, he does not have to worry about to carry enough money for his / her purchases.
• Bankers bears the cost of issuing credit cards.
  
• Banks also bears the risk of non payment by the card holders.
• The income for the bank is the excess commission received from the seller over interest factors and administrative and advertisement costs.
• Credit limit is specified on every card basing on the income level and type of the card.

Benefits to Credit Card Holders :

Credit cards offers the following benefits to card holders

• Useful in Emergencies : They can purchase goods and services at large number of merchant outlets upto inbuilt ceiling credit limit amount without cash or cheque. This is generally useful in emergencies.
• Interest free period : Card holder has the period of interest free credit depending upon the issuing bank and card scheme. i.e., the normal card and gold cards as offered by various banks. The period of interest free credit range from 15 days to 51 days and there after interest @ 3.35 – 3.49% per month charged.
• Cash withdrawal from ATMs : Cash upto a ceiling within the credit limit can be obtained from banks' branches or ATMs.
• Need to carry liquid cash : Credit card holder need not carry any liquid cash. He can purchase without any cash and pay later.
• Benefit of free accident Insurance Cover : The card holder also get a free accident insurance cover and add on card for spouse and children.
• Useful for other purposes : Credit cards can also be used for rail reservation, air ticket booking, hotel booking, sending gifts etc.

 Advantages of Credit Card to the Issuing Bank :

• Reduces operational cost : Credit card reduces operational cost of the bank and increases their reach and profitability.
• Enhancing the customer base : Credit card also enhances the brand image of the card issuer and increases its customer base. 

Disadvantages to Credit Card Holders :

• Over Spending :Credit Card facility oftenly results in over purchasing and over spending unintentionally.
• Possibility of Frauds : There is possibility of frauds due to loss of cards in the intervening periods.
• Possibility of forged signatures : Since signatures are already on the cards, forged signatures could cause a loss to the cardholders. Such kind of forged signature loss could be avoided with use of Photo Credit Cards (credit Cards with the photographs of the user.).

_________________modify the input of  other keys

Userless computers are controlled by the ______________

______________ was one of the first peripherals to be used with computers




_____________ is an action where the pointer touches the object, then you quickly press and release the primary mouse button once





___________ an item means pointing to the item with the mouse pointer and then pressing and releaseing the mouse button twice in rapid succession





______ is a very handy tool where you can drag text from one location to another in a document





_______________ usually opens a shortcut menu that contains commands and options that pertain to the item to which you are pointing





__________ has a small wheel nested among its buttons.





_________ is the study of the physical relationship between people and their tools such as computers.






In a ___________ monitory electron gun shooots a beam of electorns thorough a magnetic coil which aims the beam at the front of the monitor





________________ comprise the area of the keyboard that looks like a typewriter's keys.





___________ is / are usually located on the right side of the keyboard





_________ allow you to input commands without typing long stripes of characters





____________ let you move around the screen without using a mouse





_____________ perform a unique function






A _________ notes that a key has been pressed





__________ is the process of using a mouse to move the pointer to a location on the screen





____________ means pushing the mouse across your desk.





__________ is a fine mesh made of metal, fitted to the shape and size of the screen.





There are _____ main categories of liquid crystal displays

Dear customers of Hackri.com!!! lol... surprised ? aren't you our customers ? Ok jokes apart, one of the important topics of Banking Awareness section of IBPS is Banker-Customer relationship. Why so ? because customer satisfaction is necessary for every organization (that's the reason why they say "customer is King") no organization exists without satisfied customers. So the relationship between banker and customer is very important. As a future banker you should know the customer needs and what they expect them from a banker. So obviously in banking exams and interviews you surely will get at-least one question from this area. So here is the pdf file of short-notes on customer-banker relationship. This pdf file covers the whole issue including the basic definitions and the types of banker and customer relationships.

 

download the pdf file of Customer - Banker relationship and its types from here

 

about the author

Mr. T. Chiranjeevi Kumar Babu 

Manager, Vijaya Bank

Vanasthalipuram Branch

Hyderabad

Special thanks and respect to Mr. T. Ch. Kumar Babu for the great help and support.

Now a days in every competitive exam which is having computer knowledge section they are asking a question on Booting. So we felt it will be useful if we give brief description of booting. Friends, in simple words we can say that the operation the computer performs to make itself ready for the usage is called booting.

In booting, the system checks whether all the hardware and software devices are working properly or not (almost similar to a person who checks whether all of his body parts working properly or not when he woke up in the morning). Whenever Power Switch (the button of the CPU you press when you want to switch on the system) is on, then automatically the program Power On Self Test (we can simply call this as POST) activates. This is available with ROM (Read Only Memory). This first checks all the cables and computer resources like Keyboard, Mouse, VDU, Printer etc., are connected in a right manner or not. Then it puts all zero in RAM (Random Access Memory). That is why RAM is called volatile memory (the computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information). Then it automatically loads Operating System.

If the operating system is DOS Operating System, then first it loads 3 Files. Those are

1. MS DOS. Sys
   
2. IO.Sys
3. COMMAND.COM

Here .sys indicates system files and .com indicates the internal commands.

Booting process is also know as initialization process. During the process, the Hardware checks for any new hardware attached to the system. If so, it automatically loads the driver program for it.

That's all for now friends. Read more computer awareness topics from here

Friends, according to the reviews we got, today's (21/09/2013) IBPS RRB PO Online Exam was very easy... Almost equal to IBPS Clerks standard. Here are some General Awareness questions asked in today's Morning Section exam shared by our friends Nicklesh Javaji and Hari Prasad. We thank them for their help and wish them great success in his examination. All the Best :)

Update : Read Questions asked in Evening Shift from here

Questions Shared by Mr. Nicklesh Javaji

1. New Member of European Union - Croatia

2. New Governor of Sikkim - Sriniwas Patil

3. PV sindhu related to - Badminton

4. Who won the Champions Trophy 2013 - India

5. Committee for NABARD - Shivaraman

6. Which company installed white label ATm first in country? - Tata

7. RTGS limit - no limit

8. Kathakali is folk dance of ---? Kerala

9. P Sathasivam is in news? he is - CJI of India

10. Largest producer of Rice in world? - China

11. Commercial paper is issued by - Corporate

12. What do u mean by CRR

13. Attorney general of india appointed by

14. 28th member of EU

15. Who is raghuram rajan

16. Financial task action force HQ

17. saarc head office- nepal

18. Who won global peace award – Nelson mandela

19. What does a banking ombudsman do

20. Nirbhaya allocation in budget

21. CEO of World economic forum… klaus schwab

22. Turning point authour – kalam

23. Blue revolution – fish

24. India to help which country in its Elections?

25. Auther of my journey of life - Apj abdul kalam

26. Fiscal deficiet


Questions Shared by Mr. Hari Prasad

GA:
1)BEST DIRECTOR AWARD FOR SUJOY DAS IN 58 FILM AWARDS  FOR WHICH MOVIE?
2) Turning Points: A Journey Through Challenges by abdul kalam
3)most populous state according to 2011 census
4)which is the new nation which is joined in 28 europein union
5)shekel is currency of “ Israel”
6)bharath chateri  belongs to hockey
7)sponser of rrb
8)what is crr
9)international award of peace
10)fimmda full form
11)uti asssets management company md
12)fatf head quarters
13)swaralamban pension scheme for
14)world economic forum ceo
15)blue revolution
16)nirbya schem in budget
17)banking ombudsment means
18)rtgs min amount
19)saarch head quarters
20)authority general appointed by



COMPUTERS:-
1)changing windows95 to windows xp called-
2)ascii full form
3)cpu full form
4)output devices
5)style used in msword for
6)tools is having in which menu in word
7)--- allows input output to communicate with rest of computers
8)micr full form

Note : If you want to share your reviews, you can mail us to "gsjaikrishnan(at)gmail.com" or use the comments section below to share your views. All the Best

1)Currency of North korea?

     won
2)Best film of 58th Filmfare Award?
      Barfi
3)Head of the Energy Security Panel constituted by Ministry of Petroleum and Natural gas?
4)Last date of filling income tax return for year 2012-13?
5)Which org. has headquater in milami, phillipines?
6)Dyanchand Award related to which field?
      sports

7)Current repo rate?
    7.50 % (option given 7.25% and none of these)

8)Antyodaya Yojana is for whom?
       Poorest of poor
9)Where is Kaziranga National park situated?
        Assam
10)book  by abdul Kalam = Ignited Mind
11) Messi related to which sports – FootBall
12) census 2011 which state has lowest density population?
        Arunachal Pradesh
13) which one of the following is not a G 8 country
14) father of green revolution
15) MD of sbi?
16) ISIN standards related to what?
17) PMLA offence investigated by?
18) parent group of Audi
19) world’s largest advertising company who merged recently
20) agricultural insurance started in the year?
21) india exports which one most? (options are: Tea, sugar, coffee, cardamom)

 Shared by Anu R

1) PMLA Offence investigated by
2) Phillipines /FAO related question
3)APJ Kalam written - Ignited minds
4) Lowest population density as per Census 2011 (googled-Arunachal P)
5)Current Repo rate
6) SBI First MD
7)Parent group of Audi Co.
8) World's Largest Advertising co. acquired recently -name ..?
9) One Nabard related Q
10)  Manila is HQ For which orgnization
11) Father of green revolution
12) Khazaranga national park wre it is
13) g8 country n
14) North korea currency
15) Repo rate
16) Ignited minds book written by
17) ISIN Standards related to which sector
18) Sbi new chairmen
19) 58th national film festival best movie

Shared by Anonymous friends

Read questions asked in morning shift from here